// syntax.groovy — the Groovy shortcuts that make code shorter than Java.

// def or a type: both fine
def quantity = 24
int lines = 3
String customer = 'Acme'

// Semicolons and parentheses are optional
println customer
println(customer.toUpperCase())

// Everything is an object, even numbers
println 10.class.simpleName          // Integer
3.times { print 'hip ' }; println 'hooray'   // methods on numbers

// Decimal numbers are BigDecimal by default: exact money maths
println 0.1 + 0.2                     // 0.3   (Java double would print 0.30000000000000004)
println((0.1 + 0.2).class.simpleName) // BigDecimal

// Optional return: the last expression is returned
def lineTotal(qty, price) { qty * price }
println lineTotal(quantity, 8.50)     // 204.00

// Named and default parameters
def greet(String name, String greeting = 'Hello') { "$greeting, $name" }
println greet('Globex')
println greet('Initech', 'Welcome')

// == compares values (like Java's equals)
def a = 'boomi'
def b = new String('boomi')
println a == b                        // true
println a.is(b)                       // false — identity, like Java's ==

// Multiple assignment
def (first, second) = ['PO-1', 'PO-2']
println "$first and $second"

// Assert: power assertions show what went wrong
assert lineTotal(2, 5) == 10
println "lines=$lines"